膜分离—变压吸附耦合工艺处理催化剂载体生产废气

采用膜分离—变压吸附耦合工艺处理DQ催化剂载体生产过程产生的高浓度挥发性有机物（VOCs）废气。实验结果表明：在进气正己烷和非甲烷总烃的质量浓度分别为95 000~212 000 mg/m³和100 000 ~220 000 mg/m³、渗余侧压力0.25 MPa、渗透侧真空度0.09 MPa、进气流量15 Nm³/h的条件下,膜分离单元对废气中正己烷及非甲烷总烃的平均去除率分别为97.88%和97.29%;变压吸附单元对正己烷及非甲烷总烃的平均去除率分别为99.35%和99.33%;整套装置对正己烷及非甲烷总烃的平均总去除率分别为99.99%和99.98%。平均正己烷回收率达95.56%。处理后废气中非甲烷总烃质量浓度小于70 mg/ m³,达到北京市DB 11/ 447—2007 《炼油与石油化学工业大气污染物排放标准》的一级指标。     

碳素纤维生态基技术对城市黑臭水体的修复效果

以碳素纤维(carbon fiber,CF)生态基为载体,处理南宁市朝阳溪黑臭河水,考察CF生态基在黑臭水体中的挂膜情况及其对污染物的去除效果。结果表明,CF生态基对污水中悬浮物有较强的吸附能力,在24 h内,CF实验组的浊度由原来的47.32 NTU降低为13.78 NTU;CF生态基生物亲和力强,易于挂膜,在黑臭水体中10 d内能形成较成熟的生物膜;在没有曝气情况下,CF生态基挂膜后对COD、TP、NH3-N和TN去除率分别达到76.00%、54.34%、90.73%和55.13%,是一种较有效的改善城市黑臭水体生态材料。     

Transportation fuel production by combination of LDPE thermal cracking and catalytic hydroreforming

Fuel production from plastics is a promising way to reduce landfilling rates while obtaining valuable products. The usage of Ni-supported hierarchical Beta zeolite (h-Beta) for the hydroreforming of the oils coming from LDPE thermal cracking has proved to produce high selectivities to gasoline and diesel fuels (>80%). In the present work, the effect of the Ni loading on Ni/h-Beta is investigated in the hydroreforming of the oils form LDPE thermal cracking. h-Beta samples were impregnated with Ni nitrate, calcined and reduced in H₂ up to 550 °C to achieve different Ni contents: 1.5%, 4%, 7% and 10%. Larger and more easily reducible metal particles were obtained on Ni 7%/h-Beta and Ni 10%/h-Beta. Hydroreforming tests were carried out in autoclave reactor at 310 °C, under 20 bar H₂, for 45 min. Ni content progressively increased the amount of gases at the expenses of diesel fractions, while gasoline remained approximately constant about 52–54%. Maximum selectivity to automotive fuels (～81%) was obtained with Ni 7%/h-Beta. Ni loading also enhanced olefins saturation up to Ni 7%/h-Beta. High cetane indices (71–86) and octane numbers (89–91) were obtained over all the catalysts. Regarding the different studied Ni contents, Ni 7%/h-Beta constitutes a rather promising catalyst for obtaining high quality fuels from LDPE thermal cracking oils.     

网络环境下高校图书馆的期刊管理

网络环境下高校图书馆期刊的载体类型、管理模式、服务方式都发生了根本性的变化,针对当前高校图书馆期刊管理工作中存在的资源配置、管理和服务等问题,提出网络环境下高校图书馆应合理配置各种载体类型资源,转变管理观念和服务模式,以提高期刊管理水平和使用效益。     

聚氨酯生物膜载体处理高氨氮废水的研究

利用NaOH对聚氨酯泡沫塑料进行碱解扩孔处理,研究其作为微生物膜载体应用于曝气生物滤池,处理高氨氮模拟废水的效果。泡沫经ω=8%NaOH溶液处理0.5、1和1.5 h,结果表明:扩孔后的聚氨酯载体在孔隙率、持水倍率等方面都有所提高。碱解0.5 h对聚氨酯处理效果最好,孔隙率达到93.4%,持水倍率达到31.4。碱解扩孔处理聚氨酯泡沫载体亲水性能良好,微生物负载量达到264.35 mg/g,具有较高的微生物负载量。使用扩孔前后的聚氨酯泡沫作为微生物固定化载体用于模拟废水处理时,对于污水各指标的去除效果表明,对COD、NH4+-N等均具有较好的降解性能。     

整体式分子筛基催化剂制备及其微波催化燃烧VOCs

以整体式蜂窝状分子筛为载体,制备铜锰铈负载型催化剂,研究其微波辐照下对VOCs （甲苯、丙酮、乙酸乙酯）的催化活性及其稳定性,探究影响催化剂活性的因素,并通过测试床层温度分布进行分析.研究表明,微波功率1.3kW、催化剂体积300mm×300mm×300mm,固定床温度>300℃条件下,催化剂对初始浓度200~2000mg/m³的5m³/h VOCs气体的降解效率为80%~92%.温度是VOCs氧化降解的条件,但当床层温度超过了300℃（VOCs完全燃烧温度）之后,升温对VOCs降解效率的影响不再明显.表征可知,尖晶石态铜锰铈单金属氧化物及其复合氧化物是主要的催化活性组分.VOCs在催化剂表面进行准一级反应而被催化氧化;高温对催化剂结构有一定影响,但重复性试验证实了催化剂的高活性和良好的稳定性.     

改性聚丙烯生物填料的制备与应用

对传统聚丙烯生物填料（简称普通填料）进行改性，考察了改性聚丙烯生物填料（简称改性填料）用于模拟废水生物处理的效果。实验结果表明，改性填料比普通填料具有更高的废水处理效率和更大的挂膜量，并能承受更高的气液比（体积比）及气流和水流的冲击。将模拟废水的COD（500mg／L）完全去除，用改性填料时需10.5h，而用普通填料时则需22．5h；在连续运行模式下，改性填料在气液比为40：1时可使废水COD的去除率最高（99％），而普通填料则在气液比为30：1时可使废水COD的去除率最高（79％）。     

Pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene using synthetic catalysts produced from fly ash

Catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was investigated using various fly ash-derived silica–alumina catalysts (FSAs). FSAs were prepared by a simple activation method that basically includes NaOH treatment of fly ash by a fusion method, followed by an aging process. A series of LDPE pyrolysis experiments was conducted and the catalytic performance of FSAs was assessed in terms of the degradation temperature and the simulated boiling point distribution of the liquid products. The effects of synthesis conditions such as NaOH/fly ash weight ratio and aging time were examined by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, and scanning electron microscope to clarify the controlling factors affecting the catalytic activity. To obtain catalyst with high activity, it is necessary to produce sufficient silica and alumina species that can be easily co-precipitated into solid acid catalyst by destruction of the fly ash structure and to optimize the activation time for catalyst synthesis to prevent the transformation into inactive phases. The catalytic performance of FSA obtained from optimal conditions was equivalent to that of commercial catalysts, demonstrating the effectiveness of the catalyst.     

光盘——地震记录的新型载体

本文探讨了地震记录载体的发展，指出光盘是当前地震记录的新型载体，为了使地震信息记录能够长久保存下来，重点介绍了光盘的工作原理、结构和类型，以及光盘的选取、刻录和保护。     

温度对城市污水厂尾水反硝化MBBR深度脱氮的影响

为解决城市污水厂尾水再生利用时ρ(TN)高的问题,采用反硝化MBBR(移动床生物膜反应器)对城市污水厂尾水进行反硝化脱氮,并重点研究不同温度下分别以聚乙烯和聚丙烯为填料的反硝化MBBR的运行效果. 结果表明:在HRT(水力停留时间)为12 h、温度分别为13、19、25和30 ℃时,NO₃--N去除率和反硝化能力变化不大,聚乙烯和聚丙烯反硝化MBBR的NO₃--N去除率分别为80.1%～85.0%和78.2%～84.0%,二者的反硝化能力分别为6.7～7.1和6.5～7.0 mg/(L·h);较长的HRT弥补了低温时反硝化速率低的不足;随温度增加,生物量逐渐增加,但COD_Cr和DOM(溶解性有机物)的去除率变化不明显. 三维荧光图谱表明,出水中主要的DOM(溶解性有机质)为类色氨酸和类富里酸,聚乙烯和聚丙烯反硝化MBBR对DOM总荧光强度的去除率分别为47.6%～52.5%和24.1%～35.8%. 填料上的微生物以杆菌、丝状菌和球菌为主. 综合考虑脱氮效能和有机物污染物去除效能,聚乙烯和聚丙烯反硝化MBBR深度脱氮的最佳温度均为25 ℃.